Is it possible to continue to grow to an executive role as a product marketer? Are there some industries that are better suited than some others? What about growing into a marketing leadership role?

Absolutely. In fact, there are numerous CMOs who came up the ranks through product marketing. Take a look at ex-Salesforce product marketing leaders - many of them have gone on to become CMOs of public and private companies across various sizes. To grow into a marketing leadership role, consider flexing your muscles in other marketing functions - demand gen, for instance, is also a highly sought-after marketing skill set. P.S. it's easier to make this move internally vs. getting hired as a demand-gen marketers having never done it before :)